KEY GRIP

I had a friend in my film school days who used to call his girlfriend "My Grip!" And she liked it. The Grip is in charge of the dolly and all such rigging and camera support equipment that is available on a production. Again on a low budget film, one Grip may be all you've got! When an experienced Grip is hired on a low budget production, he always cracks the same joke, "Where's my crew?" The jaded film maker says, "You're it!" If the Grip quits he's not an experienced low budget movie Grip.

There are very few Grips who can do the job on their own. Somebody's gotta help them. There's just too much to do in that department. On a low budget movie, the experienced Grip knows that the camera crew and sometimes even the Gaffer helps. On some films, the director and the producer help out, too. Of course, on a low budget film you usually have some production assistants, so there is help around. On some shoestring productions, even actors are hauling equipment around. However, I must inject that if a production requires a lot of Grip-related work and if too many other departments get involved with helping, the whole project suffers, sometimes real bad, so that you can actually see it on the screen -- tired actors, huffing and puffing, loused up costumes, sloppy Grip work and therefore camera work. Treat this department seriously also then.

The main job of the Grip is to make those wonderful shots with the dolly, smooth moves and up and down moves. Crane shots, if you can afford a crane and the script calls for it, are a special expertise of the Key Grip (the lead Grip). Car rigging for moving shots, aircraft Tyler mounts, boat and underwater rigging and all types of creative camera support equipment are the job of the Grip. These days the Steadicam is an important tool that many film makers just won't do without. The Grip has to know how to provide this service for the production. There are many technical problems and expertise that the Grip has to be aware of, especially in highly complex productions.


Table of Contents

Part I.
The Screenplay.
Story Construction.
Script Formats.
Story-Boarding.

Part II.
Pre-Production.
Script Breakdown.

Budgeting.
Financing.
Casting.
Crew Selection.
Production Manager.
Cinematographer.
Operator/ Focus Puller/Loader/Slate.
Sound Recordist.
Boom.
Continuity Person.
Art Director.
Costume Designer.
Gaffer.
Key Grip.
Prop Person.
Make-Up & Hair.
Production Assistant.
Editor.
Equipment.
Studio & Location Scouting.
Lab Procedures.
Catering.
Insurance.

Part III.
Production.
Producer.
Director.
Hierarchy of Command.
Setting Up the First Shot. 
Procedure for Shooting a Scene. 
Language of Film. 
Long Shot. 
Medium Shot. 
Close-up. 
Aesthetics. 
Coverage.
Sticking to Schedule. 
Sticking to Budget. 
Directing Actors. 
Controlling Technicals. 
Special Effects. 
Special Processes and Genres. 
Finishing Principle Photography. 
Pick-Ups. 

Part IV.
Post-Production. 
Editing. 

Dialogue Cutting. 
Cutting Action. 
Techniques. 
Artistic Considerations. 
Equipment. 
The Editor. 
Editing Music. 
Sound Effects Editing.
ADR & Dubbing. 
The Mix. 
Negative Cutting. 
Printing the Film. 
The Answer Print. 
Release Prints. 

Part V.
Distribution. 
Finding a Distributor. 
Majors' Distribution. 
Mini-Majors. 
Independent Distributors. 
Distributing Your Own Film. 
The Foreign Market. 
Domestic Distribution. 
Festivals. 
Four-Walling. 
Video, TV & Ancillary Markets. 
Building Your Library of Films. 
Business Options. 
Corporations. 
Limited Partnerships. 
Public Offerings. 
Conclusions.